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  • Humans appear to be flying or levitating in some of the ancient cave art of Tassili N'Ajjer, Algeria dated to 9500-7000 BC :

    Tassili n’Ajjer, in Algerian Sahara; a remote region with well-deserved reputation for mystery, particularly regarding some of the extensive prehistoric art found in natural rock shelters scattered around its cliffs of orange-red rock. Archaeologists have documented about 15,000 drawings and engravings in the Tassili n’Ajjer region, which is designated by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site and is one of the most important collections of cave art in the world. Over millennia, prehistoric artists painted or carved a menagerie of animals, wild and domesticated, as well as plants and people involved in hunting and other daily activities. But there are also depictions of something much stranger: “Round Heads,” humanoid figures with oversized heads who appear to be flying. Dated from 9500-7000 BC, the images of levitating people, as well as masked “shaman” figures with large mushrooms sprouting from their bodies, may be the earliest depictions of the ritual use of psilocybin-producing, psychotropic mushrooms, according to Samorini (an Italian ethnobotanist and independent researcher who studies psychoactive plants and fungi).

    The art on the cave walls of Tassili n’Ajjer, he notes, was created during a period when the Sahara was a temperate savannah. “We know that various species of Psilocybe grew in this area at this time,” says Samorini. “To imagine that the people who created these artworks were not aware of them isn’t realistic. They lived nomadically, with probable encyclopedic knowledge of the flora and fauna of the area in order to survive.”

    In 1956, intrigued by earlier, anecdotal stories about the paintings, French ethnographer Henri Lhote launched an expedition to Tassili. When he saw the paintings—one image about 20 feet (6 meters) in height—he named them jabbaren, Tuareg for “the giants.” Lhote thought that the paintings might have been depictions of extraterrestrials, but he never connected the art to psychedelic mushrooms.
    Humans appear to be flying or levitating in some of the ancient cave art of Tassili N'Ajjer, Algeria 🇩🇿 dated to 9500-7000 BC : Tassili n’Ajjer, in Algerian Sahara; a remote region with well-deserved reputation for mystery, particularly regarding some of the extensive prehistoric art found in natural rock shelters scattered around its cliffs of orange-red rock. Archaeologists have documented about 15,000 drawings and engravings in the Tassili n’Ajjer region, which is designated by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site and is one of the most important collections of cave art in the world. Over millennia, prehistoric artists painted or carved a menagerie of animals, wild and domesticated, as well as plants and people involved in hunting and other daily activities. But there are also depictions of something much stranger: “Round Heads,” humanoid figures with oversized heads who appear to be flying. Dated from 9500-7000 BC, the images of levitating people, as well as masked “shaman” figures with large mushrooms sprouting from their bodies, may be the earliest depictions of the ritual use of psilocybin-producing, psychotropic mushrooms, according to Samorini (an Italian ethnobotanist and independent researcher who studies psychoactive plants and fungi). The art on the cave walls of Tassili n’Ajjer, he notes, was created during a period when the Sahara was a temperate savannah. “We know that various species of Psilocybe grew in this area at this time,” says Samorini. “To imagine that the people who created these artworks were not aware of them isn’t realistic. They lived nomadically, with probable encyclopedic knowledge of the flora and fauna of the area in order to survive.” In 1956, intrigued by earlier, anecdotal stories about the paintings, French ethnographer Henri Lhote launched an expedition to Tassili. When he saw the paintings—one image about 20 feet (6 meters) in height—he named them jabbaren, Tuareg for “the giants.” Lhote thought that the paintings might have been depictions of extraterrestrials, but he never connected the art to psychedelic mushrooms.
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  • What an INCREDIBLE picture of bees at rest.
    Did you know...

    As they are cold-blooded, bees gain energy from the sun's heat so have to rest during the night and in cooler weather. Holding tight to the stems with their strong, jaw-like mandibles, they gradually relax – their bodies lower, their wings rest and their antennae droop – until they fall asleep, waiting for the morning to come.
    Remarkably detailed image, ‘Bee line’, taken by Frank Deschandol Wildlife Photographer
    Wildlife Photographer of the Year Words are like bees!!!some create honey and others leave a sting.
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    #bee #nature #bees #honey #macro #savethebees #flowers #beekeeping #naturephotography #beekeeper #honeybee #insects #photography
    What an INCREDIBLE picture of bees at rest. Did you know... 🐝🐝🐝🐝🐝 As they are cold-blooded, bees gain energy from the sun's heat so have to rest during the night and in cooler weather. Holding tight to the stems with their strong, jaw-like mandibles, they gradually relax – their bodies lower, their wings rest and their antennae droop – until they fall asleep, waiting for the morning to come. Remarkably detailed image, ‘Bee line’, taken by Frank Deschandol Wildlife Photographer 📸 Wildlife Photographer of the Year Words are like bees!!!some create honey and others leave a sting. . . . . . #bee #nature #bees #honey #macro #savethebees #flowers #beekeeping #naturephotography #beekeeper #honeybee #insects #photography
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  • Primates of Africa: A Tapestry of Intelligence and Social Complexity
    Africa, the cradle of humankind, is also home to a remarkable diversity of non-human primates. From the majestic gorillas of the rainforests to the adaptable baboons of the savannahs, these intelligent creatures showcase a fascinating array of behaviors, social structures, and adaptations. This exploration delves into the lives of some of Africa's most iconic primates, highlighting their unique...
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  • Grevy's Zebra vs. Plains Zebra: A Tale of Two Stripes
    Zebras, with their iconic black and white stripes, are among Africa's most recognizable mammals. However, not all zebras are created equal. This article focuses on two of the three extant zebra species: the Grevy's zebra (Equus grevyi) and the plains zebra (Equus quagga), highlighting their key differences in taxonomy, appearance, behavior, and conservation status. While the mountain zebra...
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  • Lion
    Basic Information: Scientific Classification: Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Carnivora Family: Felidae Genus: Panthera Species: Panthera leo Common Names: Lion Physical Description:Lions are large, muscular cats with a distinctive appearance. Males typically weigh between 330 to 550 pounds (150 to 250 kg) and are known for their impressive manes, which can vary...
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  • Lions in Africa
    Historically, Africa has been home to several subspecies and populations of lions, some of which are distinct in terms of their geographic location, physical characteristics, and behavior. While the lion (Panthera leo) is generally recognized as a single species, different subspecies or regional populations have evolved over time, leading to variations within the species across Africa. Below...
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  • Lion

    Lions (Panthera leo) are one of the most iconic and recognizable animals in the world. Here’s a comprehensive overview of various aspects of lions, including their biology, behavior, habitat, conservation status, and cultural significance.

    1. Biology and Physical Characteristics
    • Scientific Classification:
    • Kingdom: Animalia
    • Phylum: Chordata
    • Class: Mammalia
    • Order: Carnivora
    • Family: Felidae
    • Genus: Panthera
    • Species: P. leo
    • Physical Appearance:
    • Size: Adult male lions typically weigh between 330 to 550 pounds (150 to 250 kg), while females weigh between 265 to 400 pounds (120 to 180 kg).
    • Mane: Males are known for their distinctive manes, which can vary in color from blonde to black. The mane serves as a sign of maturity and health and may attract females and intimidate rivals.
    • Coloration: Lions have a tawny or golden coat, which helps them blend into their savanna habitat.
    • Lifespan: In the wild, lions typically live for about 10 to 14 years, while in captivity, they can live up to 20 years or more.

    2. Habitat and Distribution
    • Natural Habitat: Lions primarily inhabit savannas, grasslands, and open woodlands. They prefer areas with plenty of prey and some cover for hunting.
    • Geographical Range: Historically, lions roamed across Europe, Asia, and Africa. Today, they are primarily found in sub-Saharan Africa, with a small population of Asiatic lions (Panthera leo persica) in the Gir Forest of India.

    3. Social Structure and Behavior
    • Pride Structure: Lions are unique among big cats for their social behavior. They live in groups called prides, which typically consist of related females, their cubs, and a small number of adult males.
    • Hunting and Diet: Lions are carnivorous and primarily hunt large ungulates such as zebras, wildebeests, and buffalo. They are known for their cooperative hunting strategies, often working together to take down prey.
    • Communication: Lions communicate through vocalizations (roars, growls, and grunts), body language, and scent marking. Their roar can be heard up to 5 miles (8 km) away.

    4. Reproduction and Life Cycle
    • Mating: Female lions (lionesses) typically come into estrus every 2 to 3 weeks. Mating can occur multiple times over several days.
    • Gestation: The gestation period for lions is about 110 days, after which the female gives birth to a litter of 1 to 4 cubs.
    • Cubs: Lion cubs are born blind and rely on their mothers for care. They begin to eat meat at around 3 months old and are weaned by 6 to 7 months. Cubs stay with their mothers for about 2 years before becoming independent.

    5. Conservation Status
    • Threats: Lions face several threats, including habitat loss, human-wildlife conflict, poaching, and depletion of prey species. Their populations have declined significantly over the past century.
    • Conservation Status: The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists lions as "Vulnerable." Conservation efforts are underway in various regions to protect lion populations and their habitats.
    • Protected Areas: Many lions are found in national parks and reserves, where they are protected from hunting and habitat destruction. Conservation organizations work to promote coexistence between lions and local communities.

    6. Cultural Significance
    • Symbolism: Lions are often seen as symbols of strength, courage, and nobility. They appear in various cultures' mythology, folklore, and heraldry.
    • Representation in Media: Lions are prominent in literature, films, and art. The character of Simba in Disney's "The Lion King" has popularized the image of lions in contemporary culture.

    7. Interesting Facts
    • Roaring: A lion's roar can be heard from a distance of up to 5 miles (8 km) and serves to communicate with other pride members and establish territory.
    • Sleeping Habits: Lions are known for their lazy lifestyle, spending up to 20 hours a day resting or sleeping to conserve energy for hunting.
    • Social Bonds: Lionesses often form strong bonds with each other, and they may help care for each other's cubs within the pride.

    Lion Lions (Panthera leo) are one of the most iconic and recognizable animals in the world. Here’s a comprehensive overview of various aspects of lions, including their biology, behavior, habitat, conservation status, and cultural significance. 1. Biology and Physical Characteristics • Scientific Classification: • Kingdom: Animalia • Phylum: Chordata • Class: Mammalia • Order: Carnivora • Family: Felidae • Genus: Panthera • Species: P. leo • Physical Appearance: • Size: Adult male lions typically weigh between 330 to 550 pounds (150 to 250 kg), while females weigh between 265 to 400 pounds (120 to 180 kg). • Mane: Males are known for their distinctive manes, which can vary in color from blonde to black. The mane serves as a sign of maturity and health and may attract females and intimidate rivals. • Coloration: Lions have a tawny or golden coat, which helps them blend into their savanna habitat. • Lifespan: In the wild, lions typically live for about 10 to 14 years, while in captivity, they can live up to 20 years or more. 2. Habitat and Distribution • Natural Habitat: Lions primarily inhabit savannas, grasslands, and open woodlands. They prefer areas with plenty of prey and some cover for hunting. • Geographical Range: Historically, lions roamed across Europe, Asia, and Africa. Today, they are primarily found in sub-Saharan Africa, with a small population of Asiatic lions (Panthera leo persica) in the Gir Forest of India. 3. Social Structure and Behavior • Pride Structure: Lions are unique among big cats for their social behavior. They live in groups called prides, which typically consist of related females, their cubs, and a small number of adult males. • Hunting and Diet: Lions are carnivorous and primarily hunt large ungulates such as zebras, wildebeests, and buffalo. They are known for their cooperative hunting strategies, often working together to take down prey. • Communication: Lions communicate through vocalizations (roars, growls, and grunts), body language, and scent marking. Their roar can be heard up to 5 miles (8 km) away. 4. Reproduction and Life Cycle • Mating: Female lions (lionesses) typically come into estrus every 2 to 3 weeks. Mating can occur multiple times over several days. • Gestation: The gestation period for lions is about 110 days, after which the female gives birth to a litter of 1 to 4 cubs. • Cubs: Lion cubs are born blind and rely on their mothers for care. They begin to eat meat at around 3 months old and are weaned by 6 to 7 months. Cubs stay with their mothers for about 2 years before becoming independent. 5. Conservation Status • Threats: Lions face several threats, including habitat loss, human-wildlife conflict, poaching, and depletion of prey species. Their populations have declined significantly over the past century. • Conservation Status: The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists lions as "Vulnerable." Conservation efforts are underway in various regions to protect lion populations and their habitats. • Protected Areas: Many lions are found in national parks and reserves, where they are protected from hunting and habitat destruction. Conservation organizations work to promote coexistence between lions and local communities. 6. Cultural Significance • Symbolism: Lions are often seen as symbols of strength, courage, and nobility. They appear in various cultures' mythology, folklore, and heraldry. • Representation in Media: Lions are prominent in literature, films, and art. The character of Simba in Disney's "The Lion King" has popularized the image of lions in contemporary culture. 7. Interesting Facts • Roaring: A lion's roar can be heard from a distance of up to 5 miles (8 km) and serves to communicate with other pride members and establish territory. • Sleeping Habits: Lions are known for their lazy lifestyle, spending up to 20 hours a day resting or sleeping to conserve energy for hunting. • Social Bonds: Lionesses often form strong bonds with each other, and they may help care for each other's cubs within the pride.
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  • THE EXTINCT ABORIGINES OF EAST AFRICA -1000 BC -1 AD

    The original inhabitants of the Kenyan capital Nairobi and central Highlands were the Athi, Gumba and Yaaku people who are largely now extinct (see photo)

    This was due to the Aborigines intermarriage, assimilation and absorption with the immigrant Bantu from West Africa and the Maasai from Sudan (1000 BC-1AD).

    In turn, the Bantu-present day Kĩkũyũ, Embu and Meru people-and Maasai were violently displaced by British colonialists in 1902, as the Europeans preferred the cool climate of the region for settlement.
    THE EXTINCT ABORIGINES OF EAST AFRICA -1000 BC -1 AD The original inhabitants of the Kenyan capital Nairobi and central Highlands were the Athi, Gumba and Yaaku people who are largely now extinct (see photo) This was due to the Aborigines intermarriage, assimilation and absorption with the immigrant Bantu from West Africa and the Maasai from Sudan (1000 BC-1AD). In turn, the Bantu-present day Kĩkũyũ, Embu and Meru people-and Maasai were violently displaced by British colonialists in 1902, as the Europeans preferred the cool climate of the region for settlement.
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